The Tropic of Cancer, also known as the Northern Tropic, is the Earth's northernmost circle of latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead. This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent.[1] It also reaches 90 degrees below the horizon at solar midnight on the December Solstice. Using a continuously updated formula, the circle is currently 23°26′09.6″ (or 23.43599°) north of the Equator.
Relationship of Earth's axial tilt (ε) to the tropical and polar circles
Tropic of Capricorn - Wikipedia
The Tropic of Capricorn (or the Southern Tropic) is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point at the December (or southern) solstice. It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead. It also reaches 90 degrees below the horizon at solar midnight on the June Solstice. Its northern equivalent is the Tropic of Cancer.
The Tropic of Capricorn is one of the five major circles of latitude marked on maps of Earth. Its latitude is currently 23°26′09.6″ (or 23.43599°)[1] south of the Equator, but it is very gradually moving northward, currently at the rate of 0.47 arcseconds, or 15 metres, per year.
Tropic of Cancer streches along much more land areas than Tropic of Capricon - as a result, when at solstices there are much more oceanic waters involved in Winter Solstice period (closer to the sun) than at Summer Solstice period (farer from the sun).
When comparing with the Perihelion point...
When comparing with the Perihelion point, which is at January 4, the solar irradiance Earth receives now is 7% less. As a result we have at the Northern Hemisphere much cooler summers and much warmer winters.
In 10.000 (ten thousand) years from now, Earth's axis will be pointing at star Vega, instead of Polaris at which it points now.
So in 10.000 years the Winter Solstice will occur when Earth is in Aphelion (it happens now with Earth in Perihelion).
As a result in 10.000 years we would have at the North Hemisphere much warmer summers and much colder winters.
A shift of 7% in the Hemispheres' insolation intensity will happen. Instead of the Southern Hemisphere (as it happens now) with its vast oceans accumulative capacity... there would be a +7% stronger insolation on the North Hemisphere's plethora of continental areas.
We know continents do not accumulate heat so much effectively as oceans do, thus Earth will gradually cool down, until a New Ice Age commences!
As for the current warming phase - we receive the +7% solar energy onto Southern Hemisphere's oceans... and oceans willingly accumulate the excess solar energy...
It happens so during the current Winter Solstices, when Earth is tilted towards sun with its Southern Hemisphere's vast oceanic waters.
Remember, there is NOT “energy balance/budget” a constant 100% equilibrium. The radiative flux does NOT 100% balance.
Earth is a dynamic system. Earth is NOT in a constant stable state of radiative equilibrium.
Solar irradiance intensity to Earth varies about 7% annually, and Earth’s annual temperature varies about some less than 2%.
But, there is more to it:
When Earth is farthest from Sun (Aphelion), it has its warmest temperature. When it is closest to Sun (Perihelion), it has its coldest temperature.
It is a scientifically measured and scientifically observed fact.
And it is the strongest ARGUMENT, which scientifically proves for the REVERSED Milankovitch Cycle the 100% RIGHTNESS.
Our planet Earth is in millennials long continuous orbital forced warming pattern.
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When in warming pattern, a planet accumulates more solar energy than planet is capable to emit.
In planet's effort to emit that excessive solar energy so to establishing the radiative energy equilibrium, the planet average surface temperature rises.
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When the planetary temperature becomes higher, then, according to the Stefan-Boltzmann emission law, the planet surface becomes capable of emitting IR (infrared radiation) more intensively.
Thus the mechanism of getting rid of energy does establish onto the planet surface, a close to radiative equilibrium (energy in = energy out) state.
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The planet surface temperatures from Equator to Poles are very much differenciated.
Here it is when the nonlinearity of the Stefan-Boltzmann's emission law gets in action!
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The Polar zone's temperature rises faster, than the equatorial, or the average planet surface mean.
It is the phenomenon of Polar Temperatures Amplification.
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Due to the Stefan-Boltzmann emission law nonlinearity, the Polar areas (in order to get rid of the excessive incoming solar energy)...
The Polar areas surface temperatures rise faster - and it is observed in the melting of the ice sheet sea cover.
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The orbital cycles forcings are slow. Only our Earth is now in a culmination phase of the current orbital warming curve.
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Milankovitch Graph, read as it should be read – when it is read correctly, when it is read the inverse way, because currently when our planet is near Perihelion (the closest to the sun point) at January 4,
At that exactly time Earth’s Southern Hemisphere is in Solstice, and the Earth’s Southern End of axis is tilted towards sun.
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In our era we are witnessing an exceptional coincidence phenomenon – Earth is accumulating solar energy at its fastest way in millennials.
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March is usually the hottest time of the year for the oceans because it is late summer in the Southern Hemisphere, where most of the world's major seas are located.