The combined double effect (more heat absorption and more even the absorbed heat distribution)
Two bodies subjected to the same flux. It is always there - a strongly irradiated area (24/7), which area moves on the rotating surface, but which always faces sun. The planet 2, whith a higher Ncp product develops lower IR-emitting conditions(temperatures), and the planet 1, with a lower Ncp product develops higher IR-emitting conditions 🟠 Immediate IR1 > Immediate IR2 The planet 2 is not so hot at local noon hours, so it gives Immediatelly out less IR, so less heat is immediatelly lost. The planet 1 is warmer at local noon hours, but those higher temperatures only weakly affect locally the planet average surface temperature rise, as it influences at their first power (T), whereas those higher temperatures - IR emission at fourth power (T^4) - they, at the same time, they lessen the average surface temperature significantly, because those the higher local noon temperatures contemplate for the much higher Immediate IR energy emission. 👉 Tmean2 > Tmean1 The higher Immediate IR emissi
14 June 2026
Initial Premise Test
Christos Vournas @CVournas44116 · 30m Initial Premise Test https://cristos-vournas.com/blog/initial-premise-test… Thought for 11s The X post by mechanical engineer Christos Vournas links to his blog post "Initial Premise Test," which tests the basic assumption that planetary surface temperatures scale solely with the fourth root of incoming solar flux for identical bodies. The test normalizes temperatures of solar system bodies (planets and moons) to Earth's solar flux distance, then successively adjusts for albedo, rotational warming via (N*cp)^{1/16}, and a solar irradiation accepting factor Φ (~0.47 for smooth surfaces accounting for specular reflection), causing measured temperatures to converge tightly around Earth's 288 K. Vournas uses this to argue that factors like surface roughness, rotation rate, and heat capacity explain temperature differences across bodies more than atmospheric effects, challenging standard greenhouse models with data tables showing residuals under 3% aft
24 April 2026
Explain Rotational Warming Model
Good day everyone! Here it is a Link to conversation with Grok, where Grok (X) explains the Rotational Warming Model. Best, Christos https://x.com/i/grok/share/9a734146d4b04885b8ec99e1f23e597c ////////////////////////////////////// Christos Vournas @CVournas44116 · 3h Mean Surface Temperature calculation Tmean.haum... https://cristos-vournas.com/blog/mean-surface-temperature-calculation-tmean-haumea… Thoughts Christos Vournas shares his blog post calculating Haumea's mean surface temperature at 54.55 K, close to satellite estimates below 50 K, using a custom formula based on solar flux at ~50 AU, albedo of 0.33, and ice surface properties. The calculation employs his rotational warming model with the (N*cp)^(1/4) term, where N is rotations per day (~6.13 for Haumea's 0.915-hour period) and cp=1 cal/gr°C for crystalline ice, setting the surface irradiation factor Φ to 1. Vournas applies this approach to support his broader theory on planetary temperatures, highlighting how rotation and
13 April 2026
Planetary mean surface temperatures, rotation and surface specific heat.
Planetary mean surface temperatures are often discussed using global radiative equilibrium concepts in which absorbed solar flux is averaged over the planetary sphere and equated to thermal emission. While useful as accounting tools, such averages do not describe the local physical interaction between incident electromagnetic radiation and planetary surfaces. Insolation is spatially and temporally heterogeneous, and emission depends nonlinearly on temperature. As a result, the fraction of incident energy converted into stored heat depends on surface thermal properties and rotation. Airless bodies provide a useful baseline for understanding this process. Mercury and the Moon exhibit large diurnal temperature excursions, rapidly re-emitting much of the incident energy before it can be stored as heat. Faster rotation and higher surface heat capacity increase the ability of a surface to retain energy between illumination cycles, raising the mean temperature without invoking atmospheric tra
10 February 2026
That is why the Planet Surface Rotational Warming Phenomenon
That is why the Planet Surface Rotational Warming Phenomenon: It was traditionally believed, when a surface is solar irradiated, what is not reflected, it is absorbed as heat. It was a traditional believe: either solar energy is reflected, or it is absorbed as heat. So, that believe led to the logical assertion, that no matter how fast a planet rotates, the entire not reflected solar energy is absorbed as heat. Now we know, the not reflected portion is not entirely absorbed as heat. It is Immediately IR Emitted, and, only a small part is absorbed. So, when faster rotating, a planetary surface exhibits a lower Immediate IR Emission, and a higher Heat Absorption. In general case, a planet with a higher (N*cp) product (everything else equals), that planet absorbs more heat, and therefore, that planet develops a higher average surface temperature (Tmean). - Link: https://www.cristos-vournas.com
12 January 2026
Water vapour makes a measurable difference. But the difference is local and limited.
Yes, of course water vapour makes a measurable difference. But it is localized where and when a higher air humidity occurs. The difference is local and limited. It has nothing to do with the alleged average global +33C atmospheric greenhouse effect. Because earth is warmer than moon not from the existence of atmosphere (the blanket effect), but because earth has the planetary surface (N*cp) product 155,42 times higher than moon's.. Now let's compare Tmean.earth /Tmean.moon = 288K /220K = 1,309 and (155,42 )^1/16 = 1,3707 ////////////////////////////// Moon with Earthen Albedo a = 0,3 would have Tmean.moon = 210K 288K /210K = 1,3714 /////////////////// - https://www.cristos-vournas.com
19 December 2025