Nikolov
Nikolov: On the average temperature of airless spherical bodies and the magnitude of Earth’s atmospheric thermal effect | SpringerPlus | Full Text (springeropen.com) "While the average outgoing LW flux of a planet is an observable physical parameter, Te derived from it using Eq. (3) is a mathematical abstraction with no physical analogue at, below or above the surface. Thus, planetary effective emission temperatures are not compatible with measured ph ysical temperatures regardless of the albedo they are based on. In other words, Te is a non-physical quantity with respect to a sphere. Consequently, comparing Earth’s observed global mean surface air temperature (287.6 K) to any Te is bound to produce numerically and theoretically misleading results. The conceptual distinction between Te on one hand and Tna or Ts on the other arises from the mathematical understanding that mean planetary temperatures cannot in principle be inferred from globally averaged radiative fluxes. In this regard,
22 June 2026
The planetary temperatures Comparison Criteria Tsat/Te
The planetary temperatures Comparison Criteria Tsat/Te In planetary effective temperature equation (Te) the solar flux (S) is in fourth root. We can rewrite Initial Premise for two identical spheres as: Tmean1/Tmean2 = Te1/Te2 or, for two identical spheres Tmean1/Te1 = Tmean2/Te2 Now, we extend this to two identical bodies, planets and moons, comparing their respective satellite measured temperatures Tsat1 and Tsat2 and write: Tsat1/Te1= Tsat2/Te2 Therefore we have defined the planetary temperatures Comparison Criteria (Tsat/Te). Important notice: For two identical celestial bodies the Tsat1/Te1= Tsat2/Te2 But if for two bodies Tsat1/Te1= Tsat2/Te2 that doesn't necessarilly prove the bodies identical. Link: https://x.com/i/grok/share/059e0e4047e24cfb9c01831274bff707
14 May 2026
Mean Surface Temperature calculation Tmean.haumea < 50K
Haumea Mean Surface Temperature calculation Tmean.haumea < 50K Tmean.haumea Distance currently ~50 AU (1/R²) = (1/50²) = 1/2500 Haumea has 2500 times less solar irradiation intensity than Earth has Rotation: .915341±0.000005h[16] (0.163139208d) Haumea’s albedo: a.haumea= 0,33 (Bond) Haumea performs 1 rotation every 3,915 hours N = 24 /3,915 = 6,130 Rotations /day Haumea is a crystallin ice surface planet, Haumea’s surface irradiation accepting factor: Φ.haumea= 1 cp.haumea = 1 cal/gr oC (for crystallin ice surface) β = 150 days*gr*oC/rotation*cal – it is a Rotating Planet Surface Solar Irradiation INTERACTING-Emitting Universal Law constant σ = 5,67*10⁻⁸ W/m²K⁴, the Stefan-Boltzmann constant Haumea's Mean Surface Temperature Equation is: Tmean.haumea = [ Φ (1-a) So (1/R²) (β*N*cp)¹∕ ⁴ /4σ ]¹∕ ⁴ Tmean.huames = [ 1 (1-0,33) 1.361 W/m²*(0,0004)*(150*6,130*1)¹∕ ⁴ /4*5,67*10⁻⁸ W/m²K⁴ ]¹∕ ⁴ = =( 8.856.000 )¹∕ ⁴ = 54,55 K Tmean.haumea = 54,55 K The calculated Haumea’s mean surface temperature
13 April 2026
Earth's heat absorption is overestimated.
Good evening! I think thermodynamics is about gases in closed systems. The air is rarer the higher you go. When warmed by contact with the ground, air becomes lighter. Yet it cannot reach too high, because up there the air is less dence. Gases in the smog chimneys get warmed not from the sun - you know that - it is the combustion, not the radiation. The average surface temperature is not a remperature per ce. A surface doesn't emit at average temperature. When under the sun surface induced a local higher temperature. And when under the sun, surface emits more intensively. This local temperature also is measured and added to the total summ, but it is not the result of heat acculation and warming, it is an induced temperature, because of the SW /surface interaction process. The planet surface effective temperature also is not temperature - it is a mathematical abstraction. A planet doesn't emit at that temperature. Also, the heat absorbed by a planet or moon every given moment is very mu
1 January 2026
Water vapour makes a measurable difference. But the difference is local and limited.
Yes, of course water vapour makes a measurable difference. But it is localized where and when a higher air humidity occurs. The difference is local and limited. It has nothing to do with the alleged average global +33C atmospheric greenhouse effect. Because earth is warmer than moon not from the existence of atmosphere (the blanket effect), but because earth has the planetary surface (N*cp) product 155,42 times higher than moon's.. Now let's compare Tmean.earth /Tmean.moon = 288K /220K = 1,309 and (155,42 )^1/16 = 1,3707 ////////////////////////////// Moon with Earthen Albedo a = 0,3 would have Tmean.moon = 210K 288K /210K = 1,3714 /////////////////// - https://www.cristos-vournas.com
19 December 2025
What ‘portion’ of the ‘sunlight’ gets absorbed as heat in the surface of the Earth.
So, what ‘portion’ of the ‘sunlight’ reaches the surface of the Earth? It is what ‘portion’ of the ‘sunlight’ reaches the surface of the Earth, and what ‘portion’ of the ‘sunlight’ gets absorbed as heat in the surface of the Earth. What reaches the surface of Earth is 70%, because the clouds' Albedo is ~0,3. What interacts with surface is 70% *0,47 = 32,9% , because there is a strong specular reflection from Earth's surface. There is also a significant the immediate IR EM energy emission from the surface. So, the absorbed as heat by the surface portion is smaller than the 32,9%. It is something around 20% of the total incident on the top of the atmosphere (TOA), may be even less. -
24 October 2025